JACHIN

ja'-kin (yakhin, "he will establish"):

(1) The 4th son of Simeon (Genesis 46:10 Exodus 6:15 Numbers 26:12). In 1 Chronicles 4:24 his name is given as "Jarib" (compare the King James Version margin, the Revised Version margin). "Jachinites," the patronymic of the family, occurs in Numbers 26:12.

(2) Head of the 21st course of priests in the time of David (1 Chronicles 24:17). It is used as a family name in 1 Chronicles 9:10, and as such also in Nehemiah 11:10, where some of the course are included in the list of those who, having returned from Babylon, willingly accepted the decision of the lot, and abandoned their rural retreats to become citizens and guardians of Jerusalem (Nehemiah 11:1 f).

James Crichton

JACHIN AND BOAZ

ja'-kin (yakhin, "he shall establish"; bo`az, "in it is strength," 1 Kings 7:15-22 2 Kings 25:16, 17; 2 Chronicles 3:15-17 Jeremiah 52:17): These were the names of the two bronze pillars that stood before the temple of Solomon. They were not used in supporting the building; their appearance, therefore, must have been solely due to moral and symbolic reasons. What these are it is not easy to say. The pillars were not altar pillars with hearths at their top, as supposed by W.R. Smith (Religion of the Semites, 191, 468); rather they were "pillars of witness," as was the pillar that witnessed the contract between Jacob and Laban (Genesis 31:52). At difficulty arises about the height of the pillars. The writers in Kings and Jeremiah affirm that the pillars before the porch were 18 cubits high apiece (1 Kings 7:15 Jeremiah 52:21), while the Chronicler states that they were 35 cubits (2 Chronicles 3:15). Various methods have been suggested of reconciling this discrepancy, but it is more probable that there is a corruption in the Chronicler's number. On the contruction of the pillars and their capitals, see TEMPLE. At the final capture of Jerusalem they were broken up and the metal of which they were composed was sent to Babylon (2 Kings 25:13, 16). In Ezekiel's ideal temple the two pillars are represented by pillars of wood (Ezekiel 40:49).

W. Shaw Caldecott