Bible Encyclopedia: Grieve

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International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

GRIEF; GRIEVE

gref, grev: There are some 20 Hebrew words translated in the King James Version by "grief," "grieve," "to be grieved," etc. Among the chief are chalah, choli, yaghon, ka`ac, atsabh. They differ, partly, in their physical origin, and partly, in the nature and cause of the feeling expressed. the Revised Version (British and American) in several instances gives effect to this.

(1) Chalah, choli express the sense of weakness, sickness, pain (e.g. Samson, in Judges 16:7, 11, 17, "Then shall I become weak (chalah), and be as another man"); Isaiah 17:11 the King James Version, "a heap in the day of grief"; Isaiah 53:3, 1, "a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief," "He hath borne our griefs" (choli), the Revised Version, margin Hebrew "sickness, sicknesses"; 53:10, "He hath put him to grief," the Revised Version, margin "made him sick" (chalah) (translated by Dillmann and others, "to crush him incurably"; compare Micah 6:13 Nahum 3:19); yaghon, perhaps from the pain and weariness of toil (Psalm 31:10), "For my life is spent with grief," the Revised Version (British and American) "sorrow"; "The Lord added grief to my sorrow," the Revised Version (British and American) "sorrow to my pain" (Jeremiah 45:3); ka`ac implies provocation, anger, irritation; thus Hannah said to Eli (the King James Version), "Out of the abundance of my complaint and my grief (the Revised Version (British and American) "provocation") have I spoken" (1 Samuel 1:16). Psalm 6:7; Psalm 31:9, "grief"; Proverbs 17:25, "A foolish son is a grief to his father" (i.e. source of provocation; the same word is rendered "wrath" in 12:16, the King James Version "a fool's wrath," the Revised Version (British and American) "vexation"; so also Proverbs 27:3); Job 6:2, "Oh that my grief were thoroughly weighed," the Revised Version (British and American) "Oh that my vexation were but weighed" (in 5:2 the King James Version the same word is translated "wrath," the Revised Version (British and American) "vexation"); ke'ebh, is "sorrow," "pain," properly "to hurt." It occurs in Job 2:13 "His grief (the Revised Version, margin "or pain") was very great"; also 16:6 the Revised Version (British and American), "grief"; makh'obh "sorrows," "pain," "suffering" (2 Chronicles 6:29, the Revised Version (British and American) "sorrow"; Psalm 69:26, the Revised Version, margin "or pain"; Isaiah 53:3, "a man of sorrows"; 53:4, "Surely he hath carried our sorrows"); marah and marar indicate "bitterness" (Genesis 26:35; Genesis 49:23 1 Samuel 30:6 Ruth 1:13 Proverbs 14:10, "The heart knoweth its own bitterness, marah); puqah implies staggering, or stumbling, only in 1 Samuel 25:31, "This shall be no grief unto thee," the Revised Version, margin Hebrew "cause of staggering"; ra` (a common word for "evil") denotes an evil, a calamity, only once in the King James Version translated "grief," namely, of Jonah's gourd, "to deliver him from his grief," the Revised Version (British and American) "from his evil case" (Jonah 4:6); yara`, "to be evil," Deuteronomy 15:10, the Revised Version (British and American) "Thy heart shall not be grieved when thou givest unto him" (also 1 Samuel 1:8 Nehemiah 2:10; Nehemiah 13:8; several times translated "grievous"); charah, "to burn," "to be wroth" (e.g. Genesis 4:6, "Why art thou wroth?"), is translated "grieved" in Genesis 45:5, and 1 Samuel 15:11 the King James Version (the Revised Version (British and American) "Samuel was wroth"); the same word is often used of the kindling of anger; la'ah, "to be weary," "tired," "faint" (Proverbs 26:15), the King James Version "The slothful hideth his hand in his bosom, it grieveth him to bring it again to his mouth," the Revised Version (British and American) "wearieth"; also Job 4:2; atsabh, "to grieve," "to be vexed," occurs in Genesis 6:6; Genesis 34:7; Genesis 45:5, etc.; Psalm 78:40, "How oft did they. grieve him in the desert." Of other words sometimes translated "grief" may be mentioned quT, "to weary of," "to loathe" (Psalm 95:10), "Forty long years was I grieved with that generation"; in 119:158; 139:21, the Revised Version, margin "loathe"; chamets, implying to be bitterly or violently moved, sour (often translated "leavened"), only in Psalm 73:21, the Revised Version (British and American) "For my soul was grieved," margin, Hebrew "was in a ferment."

(2) In the New Testament "grief," "grieve," etc., are infrequent. The commonest words are lupe (1 Peter 2:19), the Revised Version (British and American) "griefs," elsewhere translated "sorrow"; lupeo, "to grieve," "afflict" (Mark 10:22, the Revised Version (British and American) "sorrowful"; John 21:17 "Peter was grieved"; Romans 14:15 2 Corinthians 2:4, the Revised Version (British and American) "made sorry"; 2:5, "caused sorrow"; Ephesians 4:30, "Grieve not the Holy Spirit of God"); diaponeomai, literally, "to labor through," "to grieve self" occurs twice (Acts 4:2; Acts 16:18 the Revised Version (British and American) "sore troubled"); stenazo, "to groan, or sigh," once only translated "grief" (Hebrews 13:17), the Revised Version, margin "groaning"; prosochthizo, "to be indignant," etc., twice (Hebrews 3:10, 17, the Revised Version (British and American) "displeased"). The reference is to Psalm 95:10, where the Septuagint by this Greek word translates quT (see above).

The less frequency in the New Testament of words denoting "grief" is significant. Christ came "to comfort all that mourn-to give a garland for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness." Christians, however, cannot but feel sorrow and be moved by grief, and it is to be noted that in both the Old Testament and New Testament, God Himself is said to be susceptible to grief.

W. L. Walker

Greek

3076. lupeo -- to distress, to grieve
... to distress, to grieve. Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: lupeo Phonetic Spelling:
(loo-peh'-o) Short Definition: I pain, grieve, vex Definition: I pain ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/3076.htm - 8k

23. aganakteo -- to grieve much, hence to be indignant
... to grieve much, hence to be indignant. Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: aganakteo
Phonetic Spelling: (ag-an-ak-teh'-o) Short Definition: I am angry, am ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/23.htm - 6k

3996. pentheo -- to mourn, lament
... feel guilt. 3996 -- properly, grieve over a ; (figuratively) to grieve
over a personal hope (relationship) that , ie (""). 3996 ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/3996.htm - 7k

524. apalgeo -- to cease to feel pain for
... to become callous, apathetic. From apo and algeo (to smart); to grieve out, ie Become
apathetic -- be past feeling. see GREEK apo. (apelgekotes) -- 1 Occurrence ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/524.htm - 6k

3600. odunao -- to cause or suffer pain
... sorrow, torment. From odune; to grieve -- sorrow, torment. see GREEK odune. (odunasai)
-- 1 Occurrence. (odunomai) -- 1 Occurrence. (odunomenoi) -- 2 Occurrences ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/3600.htm - 7k

2805. klauthmos -- weeping
... lamentation, crying. Cognate: 2805 (from 2799 , "to grieve audibly") -- grief
that springs from feeling utterly hopeless. 2805 ("wailing ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2805.htm - 6k

Strong's Hebrew

109. adab -- to grieve
... adab. 110 . to grieve. Transliteration: adab Phonetic Spelling: (aw-dab') Short
Definition: grieve. ... root Definition to grieve NASB Word Usage grieve (1). grieve ...
/hebrew/109.htm - 5k

6087. atsab -- to hurt, pain, grieve
... 6086, 6087. atsab. 6087a . to hurt, pain, grieve. Transliteration: atsab
Phonetic Spelling: (aw-tsab') Short Definition: displease. ...
/hebrew/6087.htm - 5k

6088. atsab -- to pain, grieve
... 6087b, 6088. atsab. 6089 . to pain, grieve. Transliteration: atsab Phonetic
Spelling: (ats-ab') Short Definition: troubled. Word ...
/hebrew/6088.htm - 6k

6087a. atsab -- to hurt, pain, grieve
... 6087, 6087a. atsab. 6087b . to hurt, pain, grieve. Transliteration: atsab
Short Definition: grieved. Word Origin a prim. root Definition ...
/hebrew/6087a.htm - 5k

3013. yagah -- to suffer
... to suffer. Transliteration: yagah Phonetic Spelling: (yaw-gaw') Short Definition:
grieve. Word Origin a prim. ... afflict, cause grief, grieve, sorrowful, vex. ...
/hebrew/3013.htm - 6k

2734. charah -- to burn or be kindled with anger
... angry (1), zealously (1). be angry, burn, be displeased, earnestly, fret
self, grieve, be wax hot, be incensed,. A primitive root ...
/hebrew/2734.htm - 6k

3811. laah -- to be weary or impatient
... faint, grieve, loathe, be, make weary selves. A primitive root; to tire;
(figuratively) to be (or make) disgusted -- faint, grieve ...
/hebrew/3811.htm - 6k

5701. agam -- to be grieved
... Word Origin a prim. root Definition to be grieved NASB Word Usage grieved (1). grieve.
A primitive root; to be sad -- grieve. 5700b, 5701. agam. 5702 . ...
/hebrew/5701.htm - 5k

7114. qatsar -- to be short
... cut down, much discouraged, grieve, harvestman, loathe, mourn, reaper,
A primitive root; to dock off, ie Curtail (transitive or ...
/hebrew/7114.htm - 5k

56. abal -- to mourn
... root Definition to mourn NASB Word Usage caused lamentations (1), grieve (1), grieved
(1), lament (1), mourn (13), mourned (7), mourning (3), mourns (10 ...
/hebrew/56.htm - 6k

Library

Whether it is Expedient to Grieve for Sin Continually?
... OF THE TIME FOR CONTRITION (THREE ARTICLES) Whether it is expedient to grieve for
sin continually? ... Therefore it is not expedient to grieve for sin continually. ...
/.../aquinas/summa theologica/whether it is expedient to 2.htm

Ah! Grieve not So.
... AH! GRIEVE NOT SO. AH! GRIEVE NOT SO. 8,6,8,6,8,8. "Godliness with contentment
is great gain.""1:Tim.6:6. "Nicht so traurig, nicht so sehr.". ...
/.../borthwick/hymns from the land of luther/ah grieve not so.htm

Whether Angels Grieve for the Ills of those whom they Guard?
... OF THE GUARDIANSHIP OF THE GOOD ANGELS (EIGHT ARTICLES) Whether angels
grieve for the ills of those whom they guard? Objection 1 ...
/.../aquinas/summa theologica/whether angels grieve for the.htm

That we must not Grieve the Holy Spirit, whom we have Received.
... Third Book. 7. That we must not grieve the Holy Spirit, whom we have received.
Paul the apostle to the Ephesians: "Grieve not the ...
/.../cyprian/three books of testimonies against the jews/7 that we must not.htm

That the Perfect Lover of God had Liever Run into Great Pain than ...
... BOOK I CHAPTER VIII THAT THE PERFECT LOVER OF GOD HAD LIEVER RUN INTO GREAT PAIN
THAN BY SIN ONCE GRIEVE GOD: AND WHY GOD TORMENTS THE RIGHTEOUS BY THE WICKED. ...
/.../christianbookshelf.org/rolle/the fire of love/chapter viii that the perfect.htm

Of the Perturbations of the Soul which Appear as Right Affections ...
... and sound doctrine, the citizens of the holy city of God, who live according to
God in the pilgrimage of this life, both fear and desire, and grieve and rejoice ...
/.../augustine/city of god/chapter 9 of the perturbations of.htm

Sixteenth Day. Grief at Sin.
... to Jesus"(what intensity of emotion does it denote, spoken of a sinless
nature!)""He looked round on them with anger!" Never did He grieve for Himself. ...
/.../christianbookshelf.org/macduff/the mind of jesus/sixteenth day grief at sin.htm

Of the Observance of Days Connected with Idolatry.
... "To rejoice with the rejoicing, and grieve with the grieving," [255] is said
about brethren by the apostle when exhorting to unanimity. ...
/.../tertullian/on idolatry/chapter xiii of the observance of.htm

Why is It, that Man Desires to be Made Sad...
... for the auditor is not called on to relieve, but only to grieve: and he applauds
the actor of these fictions the more, the more he grieves. ...
/.../augustine/the confessions of saint augustine/chapter ii why is it.htm

Book Three the Story of his Student Days in Carthage, his ...
... The spectator is not expected to aid the sufferer but merely to grieve for him.
And the more he grieves the more he applauds the actor of these fictions. ...
/.../augustine/confessions and enchiridion/book three the story of.htm

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

1. (n.) Alt. of Greeve.

2. (v. t.) To occasion grief to; to wound the sensibilities of; to make sorrowful; to cause to suffer; to afflict; to hurt; to try.

3. (v. t.) To sorrow over; as, to grieve one's fate.

4. (v. i.) To feel grief; to be in pain of mind on account of an evil; to sorrow; to mourn; -- often followed by at, for, or over.

Thesaurus

Grieve (29 Occurrences)
... to try. 3. (vt) To sorrow over; as, to grieve one's fate. 4. (vi ... Int. Standard
Bible Encyclopedia. GRIEF; GRIEVE. gref, grev: There are ...
/g/grieve.htm - 23k

Grief (252 Occurrences)
... GRIEF; GRIEVE. gref, grev: There are some 20 Hebrew words translated in the
King James Version by "grief," "grieve," "to be grieved," etc. ...
/g/grief.htm - 45k

Yearn (4 Occurrences)
... Noah Webster's Dictionary 1. (vt) To pain; to grieve; to vex. 2. (vi) To be pained
or distressed; to grieve; to mourn. 3. (vi & t.) To curdle, as milk. ...
/y/yearn.htm - 7k

Rue (1 Occurrence)
... (see MINT.). Noah Webster's Dictionary. 1. (vt) To lament; to regret extremely;
to grieve over; as to rue the day.... ... 4. (vt) To cause to grieve; to afflict. ...
/r/rue.htm - 8k

Condole (1 Occurrence)
... Noah Webster's Dictionary 1. (vi) To express sympathetic sorrow; to grieve in sympathy;
as, to condole with a widow. 2. (vt) To lament or grieve over. ...
/c/condole.htm - 6k

Grieved (87 Occurrences)
... (imp. & pp) of Grieve. ... (WEB KJV ASV DBY WBS YLT). 2 Corinthians 2:2 For if I grieve
you, who also is it that gladdens me, if not he that is grieved through me? ...
/g/grieved.htm - 32k

Mourn (87 Occurrences)
... Noah Webster's Dictionary. 1. (vi) To express or to feel grief or sorrow; to grieve;
to be sorrowful; to lament; to be in a state of grief or sadness. ...
/m/mourn.htm - 38k

Vigour (8 Occurrences)
... 1 Samuel 2:33 And the man of thine whom I shall not cut off from mine altar, shall
be to cause thine eyes to fail and to grieve thy soul; and all the increase ...
/v/vigour.htm - 8k

Uninformed (4 Occurrences)
... 1 Thessalonians 4:13 But we don't want you to be ignorant, brothers, concerning
those who have fallen asleep, so that you don't grieve like the rest, who have ...
/u/uninformed.htm - 7k

Longer (373 Occurrences)
... (See NAS RSV). Luke 21:28 But when all this is beginning to take place, grieve no
longer. Lift up your heads, because your deliverance is drawing near." (WEY). ...
/l/longer.htm - 36k

Bible Concordance

Grieve (29 Occurrences)

Luke 21:28 But when all this is beginning to take place, grieve no longer. Lift up your heads, because your deliverance is drawing near."
(WEY)

John 16:20 Verily, verily, I say to you, that ye shall weep and lament, ye, but the world shall rejoice; and ye will be grieved, but your grief shall be turned to joy.
(Root in DBY NAS NIV)

2 Corinthians 2:2 For if I grieve you, who also is it that gladdens me, if not he that is grieved through me?
(DBY NIV)

2 Corinthians 2:4 For out of much affliction and anguish of heart I wrote unto you with many tears; not that ye should be grieved, but that ye might know the love which I have more abundantly unto you.
(Root in KJV WEY DBY WBS NIV)

2 Corinthians 12:21 lest my God should humble me as to you when I come again, and that I shall grieve over many of those who have sinned before, and have not repented as to the uncleanness and fornication and licentiousness which they have practised.
(DBY NIV)

Ephesians 4:30 Don't grieve the Holy Spirit of God, in whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.
(WEB KJV ASV DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV)

1 Thessalonians 4:13 But we don't want you to be ignorant, brothers, concerning those who have fallen asleep, so that you don't grieve like the rest, who have no hope.
(WEB DBY NAS RSV NIV)

Revelation 18:11 And the merchants of the earth weep and grieve over her, because no one buys their lading any more;
(DBY)

Genesis 34:7 The sons of Jacob came in from the field when they heard it. The men were grieved, and they were very angry, because he had done folly in Israel in lying with Jacob's daughter; a which thing ought not to be done.
(Root in WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS)

1 Samuel 2:33 The man of yours, whom I shall not cut off from my altar, shall be to consume your eyes, and to grieve your heart; and all the increase of your house shall die in the flower of their age.
(WEB KJV ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Samuel 16:1 Yahweh said to Samuel, "How long will you mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from being king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil, and go. I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite; for I have provided a king for myself among his sons."
(See NAS RSV)

1 Chronicles 4:10 And Jabez called on the God of Israel, saying, Oh that thou wouldest bless me indeed, and enlarge my coast, and that thine hand might be with me, and that thou wouldest keep me from evil, that it may not grieve me! And God granted him that which he requested.
(KJV DBY WBS YLT)

Nehemiah 8:10 Then he said to them, Go your way, eat the fat, and drink the sweet, and send portions to him for whom nothing is prepared; for this day is holy to our Lord. Don't be grieved; for the joy of Yahweh is your strength.
(Root in WEB JPS ASV DBY YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Nehemiah 8:11 So the Levites stilled all the people, saying, Hold your peace, for the day is holy; neither be grieved.
(Root in WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Psalms 78:40 How often they rebelled against him in the wilderness, and grieved him in the desert!
(Root in WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Psalms 119:158 I beheld the transgressors, and was grieved; because they kept not thy word.
(Root in KJV ASV DBY WBS YLT)

Psalms 139:21 Yahweh, don't I hate those who hate you? Am I not grieved with those who rise up against you?
(Root in WEB KJV ASV WBS YLT)

Isaiah 16:7 For this cause everyone in Moab will give cries of grief for Moab: crushed to the earth, they will be weeping for the men of Kir-hareseth.
(See NIV)

Isaiah 61:3 To give them a fair head-dress in place of dust, the oil of joy in place of the clothing of grief, praise in place of sorrow; so that they may be named trees of righteousness, the planting of the Lord, and so that he may have glory.
(See NIV)

Jeremiah 42:10 If you will still abide in this land, then will I build you, and not pull you down, and I will plant you, and not pluck you up; for I grieve over the distress that I have brought on you.
(WEB NIV)

Lamentations 1:4 The ways of Zion do mourn, because none come to the solemn assembly; all her gates are desolate, her priests do sigh: her virgins are afflicted, and she herself is in bitterness.
(See NIV)

Lamentations 3:33 For he does not afflict willingly, nor grieve the children of men.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)

Ezekiel 7:12 The time is come, the day draws near: don't let the buyer rejoice, nor the seller mourn; for wrath is on all its multitude.
(See NIV)

Ezekiel 9:4 Yahweh said to him, Go through the midst of the city, through the midst of Jerusalem, and set a mark on the foreheads of the men that sigh and that cry over all the abominations that are done in its midst.
(See NIV)

Joel 1:11 The farmers are shamed, the workers in the vine-gardens give cries of grief, for the wheat and the barley; for the produce of the fields has come to destruction.
(See NIV)

Amos 6:6 who drink wine in bowls, and anoint themselves with the best oils; but they are not grieved for the affliction of Joseph.
(Root in WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV)

Nahum 3:7 It will happen that all those who look at you will flee from you, and say,'Nineveh is laid waste! Who will mourn for her?' Where will I seek comforters for you?"
(See NAS)

Zephaniah 3:18 I will remove those who grieve about the appointed feasts from you. They are a burden and a reproach to you.
(WEB NAS)

Zechariah 12:10 I will pour on the house of David, and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplication; and they will look to me whom they have pierced; and they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for his only son, and will grieve bitterly for him, as one grieves for his firstborn.
(WEB NIV)

Subtopics

Grieve

Related Terms

Grief (252 Occurrences)

Yearn (4 Occurrences)

Rue (1 Occurrence)

Condole (1 Occurrence)

Grieved (87 Occurrences)

Mourn (87 Occurrences)

Vigour (8 Occurrences)

Uninformed (4 Occurrences)

Longer (373 Occurrences)